bOLETINES

BOLETÍN INFORMATIVO
BOLETÍN INFORMATIVO

Autor(es): Instituto de Genetica. Comité Editorial: Dra. Jacqueline Cortéz G. Dra. Ximena Aguilar M. Dr. Josue Barral C.
Fecha: MAYO 2017
Boletin Informativo
Boletin Informativo

Autor(es): Instituto de Genetica. Comité Editorial: Dra. Jacqueline Cortéz G. Dra. Ximena Aguilar M. Dr. Josue Barral C.
Fecha: Agosto 2016
Boletín Informativo 1
Boletín Informativo 1

Autor(es): Instituto de Genetica. Comité Editorial: Dra. Jacqueline Cortéz G. Dra. Beatriz Luna B.
Fecha: 01 de Agosto 2013

Publicaciones Cientificas

Is Cumulated Pyrethroid Exposure Associated With Prediabetes? A Cross-sectional Study
Is Cumulated Pyrethroid Exposure Associated With Prediabetes? A Cross-sectional Study

Autor(es): - Martin Rune Hansen, Erik Jors, Fleming Lander, Guido Condarco, Vivi Schlünssen, Noemi Tirado
Fecha: OCTUBRE 2, 2014
Resumen:

Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides used widely for vector control programs. Acute pyrethroid poisoning is rare, but well documented, whereas effects of cumulative exposure are insufficiently described, including possible negative effect on glucose regulation. The objective of this study was to investigate an association between exposure to pyrethroids and abnormal glucose regulation (prediabetes or diabetes). A cross-sectional study was performed among 116 pesticide sprayers from public vector control programs in Bolivia and 92 nonexposed controls. Pesticide exposure (duration, intensity, cumulative exposure) was assessed from questionnaire data. Participants were asked about symptoms of diabetes. Blood samples were analyzed for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a measure of glucose regulation. No association was found between pyrethroid exposure and diabetes symptoms. The prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation (defined as HbA1c ≥ 5.6%) was 61.1% among sprayers and 7.9% among nonexposed controls, corresponding to an adjusted odds ratio (OR [95% confidence interval]) for all sprayers of 11.8 [4.2–33.2] and 18.5 [5.5–62.5] for pyrethroid-exposed only. Among sprayers who had only used pyrethroids, a significant positive trend was observed between cumulative pesticide exposure (total number of hours sprayed) and adjusted OR of abnormal glucose regulation, with OR 14.7 [0.9–235] in the third exposure quintile. The study found a severely increased prevalence of prediabetes among Bolivian pesticide sprayers compared with a control group, but the relevance of the control group is critical. Within the spraying group, an association between cumulative exposure to pyrethroids and abnormal glucose regulation was seen. Further studies are needed to confirm this association.

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COMORBILIDADES EN PERSONAS CON SÍNDROME DE DOWN, HABITANTES DE LA PAZ - BOLIVIA, 2015
COMORBILIDADES EN PERSONAS CON SÍNDROME DE DOWN, HABITANTES DE LA PAZ - BOLIVIA, 2015

Autor(es): ra. Beatriz Luna Barrón (1), Dr. Gonzalo Taboada López (1), Dra. Maria Salete Queiroz de Tejerina(2), Dra. Valeria Aillón López(1), Lic. Irma Arce Quint (3), Lic. Eunise Mónica Barreda Luján(3), Mgs. Zonia Betty Barrón Achá(4), Univ. Luiza Boyan Montes(1)., Dr. José Liders Burgos Zuleta(5), Dr. Franz Buitrago Barahona(6), Univ. Darinka Teresa Contreras Castro(1)., Dr. Ivar Chambi Huanaco(3), Dra. Aida Choque Churqui(3), Dra. Vannia Espinosa Pinto(8), Lic. Esp. Ximena Foronda Clavijo(4), Dra. Heydi Carmiña García Salgueiro(9), Dra. Wendy S. Guisbert Sánchez(10), Dra. Claudia Heredia Chucatini(9), Univ. Norka Hauzateng Sotomayor(9), Dra. Erika Lafuente Álvarez(1), Dr. Mauricio A. Lozada Salcedo(7), Dra. Alcira Miranda Mercado (7), Dr. Rolando Paz Bonilla(1), Dra. Ana Rada Tarifa(1), Lic. Loyola Riveros Gonzales(11), Dra. Sandra Siacar Bacarreza(12), Dra. Karen E. Vargas Araya(11), Dr. Carlos Salinas Salmón(11).
Fecha: 10/05/2017
Resumen:

ABTRACT

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition caused by 21 chromosome trisomy, characterized by multisystemic disease with main neurobiological damage. The frequency is 1/700 live births. It entails an effect of gene dose excess that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various comorbidities in DS such as congenital heart disease, thyroid dysgenesis, refractive errors, hematological disorders, etc. The study's objective was determine the comorbidities frequency in people with DS from La Paz city in Bolivia through a descriptive cross-sectional survey with multidisciplinary and interinstitutional assessments. Most of observed comorbidities are in parameters reported in other population studies, however striking a high frequency of pulmonary arterial hypertension (93%), thyroid gland hypoplasia (90%), refractive errors (90 %), kidney pieloectasy (30%) and eritrocitosis (10%), as our population findings regarding the genetic and environmental conditions ( high altitude over the sea level). The prevalence of medical conditions in people with SD affects negatively their life quality and expectancy. However, there are medical, educational and social strategies for DS persons, searching for prevention and monitoring to improve their life quality and quantity.

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Neurological déficits after Long –term Pyrethroid exposure
Neurological déficits after Long –term Pyrethroid exposure

Autor(es): Hansen MRH, Jørs E, Lander F, Condarco G, Debes F, Bustillos NT, Schlünssen V.
Fecha: MARZO 29, 2017
Resumen:

Abstract

Pyrethroid pesticides have been suggested to be a cause of Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. To investigate this, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 Bolivian public health vector program spray men, primarily exposed to pyrethroids. Pesticide exposure and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms were determined by a structured interview, whereas neuromotor and neurocognitive performance was assessed using the computerized Behavioral Assessment and Research System and CATSYS system. Individuals exposed to higher levels reported significantly more CNS symptoms (adjusted odds ratio per quintile of cumulative exposure = 2.01 [1.22-3.31]). There was no association seen between pyrethroid exposure and neuromotor performance. Higher spraying intensity was associated with significantly worse neurocognitive performance in structural equation models (adjusted β per quintile = -0.405 [-0.660 to -0.150]), and workers only exposed to pyrethroids performed worse than workers also exposed to other pesticides (adjusted β = -1.344 [-2.224 to -0.464]). Chronic pyrethroid exposure may cause deterioration in neurocognitive performance, and exposure control is recommended.

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FRECUENCIA DE ABERRACIONES CROMOSÓMICAS EN PACIENTES DEL INSTITUTO DE GENÉTICA – UMSA PERIODO 2011-2015
FRECUENCIA DE ABERRACIONES CROMOSÓMICAS EN PACIENTES DEL INSTITUTO DE GENÉTICA – UMSA PERIODO 2011-2015

Autor(es): Dra. Darinka T. Contreras Castro, Dra. Beatriz Luna Barrón, Dr. Gonzalo Taboada López, Dra. Ana Rada Tarifa, Dra. Erika Lafuente Álvarez
Fecha: SEPTIEMBRE 2016
Resumen:

RESUMEN

Las cromosomopatías son numéricas o estructurales, afectando autosomas o gonosomas. Las más frecuentes son las trisomías 21, 18, y 13. Son motivo frecuente de abortos espontáneos, recién nacidos multimalformados, infertilidad, etc. Conllevan un alto grado de comorbilidad, con diagnóstico precoz y asesoría genética, se logra que las condiciones de vida tanto del afectado como de su familia mejoren. El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia de cromosomopatías en el Instituto de Genética de la UMSA (2011-2015), por medio de un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal. Dentro de los resultados encontramos que se realizaron un total de 1070 estudios citogenéticos, siendo euploides un 69% pacientes, dentro de éstos encontramos un 0,7% de polimorfismos (46,XY,21pss+ ; 46,X,Yqh+++; 46,XY,9qh+; 46,XY,15pst++; 46,XX;14stk+++). Dentro de los cariotipos aneuploides (31%) encontramos 88% de aberraciones cromosómicas constitutivas, y 12% de adquiridas. Las cromosomopatías más frecuentes fueron la trisomía 21, monosomía del X y translocaciones.

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Evaluation of genotoxic risk due to shoe polish exposure in shoeshine boys of La Paz city
Evaluation of genotoxic risk due to shoe polish exposure in shoeshine boys of La Paz city

Autor(es): - Mamani Josue, Tirado Noemí, Barrón Jessika, Paz Rolando, Cuti Marina
Fecha: JULIO 7, 2016
Resumen:

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Evaluar el riesgo genotóxico en los lustracalzados expuestos laboralmente al betún y sus componentes. Material y métodos: Estudio de casos-controles y autocontroles. Se estudiaron 53 lustracalzados y 24 controles. Se determinó el daño genotóxico mediante la técnica de micronúcleos y otras alteraciones metanucleadas en mucosa bucal. Resultados: Las edades promedio del grupo de expuestos y controles fue de 35.0±8.8 y 27.8±1.5 respectivamente. El grupo de expuestos estuvo conformado varones (83%) y mujeres (17%), con un promedio de años de trabajo de 13.4±7.6, de los cuales la mayoría no usa medidas de protección laboral (73.6%). No se observó diferencias significativas en la frecuencia de alteraciones metanucleadas entre el grupo de expuesto y controles: binucleadas (BN) (p=0.273), broken egg (BE) (p=0.635), carriorexis (CR) (p=0.677), cariolisis (CL) (p=0.770), índice de reparación celular (p=0.201). El análisis de asociación entre exposición y genotoxicidad demostró que el uso del betún no es un factor de riesgo. La evaluación pre y post exposición al betún del grupo de lustracalzados no obtuvo diferencias significativas luego del periodo ventana para BN (p=0.804), BE (p=1.274), CR (p=0.503), CL (p= 1.000) e IR (p=0.424).

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